Dry dog food, or kibble, has long been a go-to for dog owners seeking convenience and affordability. But in recent years, increasing numbers of pet parents and professionals have started to question whether kibble truly supports optimal canine health. So, what’s the problem with dry dog food? Let’s explore what the experts and current research are saying.

Highly Processed: Nutritional Value May Be Compromised

One of the most common criticisms of dry dog food is that it’s heavily processed. The manufacturing process involves high temperatures and intense pressure, which can degrade essential nutrients, especially heat-sensitive vitamins and amino acids. According to Dr Karen Becker, integrative veterinarian and author, “Kibble is the most biologically inappropriate food you can feed. It’s ultra-processed, low-moisture, and often high in starch.” Research published in the Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition supports this concern, indicating that extrusion (the main method used to make kibble) can significantly reduce nutrient bioavailability.

Low Moisture Content Can Stress the Kidneys

Unlike fresh or raw food, dry dog food contains very little moisture—typically around 10%. Dogs have a low natural thirst drive and often won’t drink enough water to compensate. Over time, this can place stress on the kidneys and urinary tract. A study in Veterinary Record found that dogs fed a dry diet were more likely to experience urinary issues, including crystals and bladder stones. Dr Jean Hofve, holistic vet and author, notes, “Feeding dry food all the time is like asking your dog to live in a state of chronic dehydration.”

High in Carbohydrates, Low in Species-Appropriate Ingredients

Many dry dog foods rely on high levels of carbohydrates like rice, corn, wheat, and legumes to bind the kibble together. While dogs can digest carbs, they thrive on a diet rich in animal proteins and fats. Some commercial kibbles contain as little as 20% meat-based ingredients. “Dogs are facultative carnivores, which means they are designed to eat primarily meat,” says Dr Conor Brady, canine nutritionist and author of Feeding Dogs. “Yet most dry food contains 40–60% carbohydrate—something their bodies were never evolved to handle in large quantities.”

Preservatives and Additives Raise Concerns

To achieve a long shelf life, dry food often contains synthetic preservatives like BHA, BHT, and ethoxyquin, some of which are linked to health risks. While these are permitted in small amounts, cumulative exposure over a dog’s lifetime is a concern for many. The Environmental Working Group has called for more research into pet food contaminants, especially given that dogs often eat the same food daily for years.

Dental Health Claims Are Misleading

It’s commonly claimed that kibble helps clean dogs’ teeth, but most veterinary dentists disagree. According to the American Veterinary Dental College, “Feeding dry food does not keep teeth clean and does not prevent periodontal disease.” The kibble may offer a slight abrasive effect, but it’s not a substitute for regular dental care. In fact, the starches in dry food can contribute to plaque and tartar build-up.

Linked to Health Problems Over Time

Several studies have explored links between ultra-processed pet foods and chronic conditions like obesity, diabetes, and even cancer. A 2021 study in Frontiers in Veterinary Science found that dogs fed more fresh food and less kibble had improved markers of health, including better digestion, skin condition, and energy levels. While more long-term studies are needed, the pattern is prompting many dog owners to look beyond dry food for healthier alternatives

What’s the Alternative?

Fresh, raw, or gently cooked diets are gaining popularity for good reason. These options more closely mimic a dog’s natural ancestral diet, providing higher moisture content, bioavailable nutrients, and fewer synthetic additives. Brands like Poppy’s Picnic offer raw meals made from fresh British meat and vegetables, gently prepared and portioned for convenience. These diets support overall vitality and can be tailored for dogs with specific needs.

Conclusion

While dry dog food may be convenient, mounting evidence and expert opinion suggest it may not be the healthiest long-term choice for your dog. If you’re considering moving to a fresh or raw diet, speak to your vet and explore options that prioritise whole, natural ingredients. Your dog’s health and happiness could significantly benefit from the switch.