Obesity is one of the most common health problems affecting dogs in the UK today. According to UK Pet Food’s 2022 Pet Obesity Report, around 50% of dogs in Britain are overweight or obese, a statistic that continues to climb (source).

While a lack of exercise and overfeeding play a part, it’s increasingly clear that the type of food we give our dogs is a major culprit. In particular, ultra-processed, carbohydrate-heavy, and highly calorific diets are at the heart of the problem.

What Causes Obesity in Dogs?

At its core, obesity results from an imbalance between calories consumed and energy used. But the issue is more complex than simply feeding too much.

Dr Alex German, Professor of Small Animal Medicine at the University of Liverpool and one of the UK’s leading researchers on canine obesity, says:

“Owners rarely set out to make their pets overweight, but small excesses over time, especially with inappropriate food choices and too many treats, can really add up.”

Breed predispositions also play a role. For example, a 2016 study from the University of Cambridge linked a POMC gene mutation in Labradors with a tendency towards increased appetite and reduced energy expenditure (source).

What Foods Are Fueling the Fat?

1. Kibble and Dry Dog Food

   While convenient, many dry dog foods are ultra-processed, filled with refined carbohydrates, fillers like maize or wheat, and synthetic additives. These foods can cause blood sugar spikes, promote fat storage, and offer limited nutritional value.

   A study published in the British Veterinary Journal found that dogs fed predominantly on processed foods were significantly more likely to be overweight compared to those on fresh or raw diets.

2. Table Scraps and Human Food

   According to the PDSA, one in four pet owners feeds their dog leftovers or human snacks daily (source). Just one slice of toast with butter can be the calorie equivalent of a human eating a portion of chips.

   Caroline Reay, Senior Vet at Blue Cross, warns:

   “Human food often contains high levels of fat, salt or sugar, which are not suitable for dogs and can contribute to obesity and other health issues.”

3. High-Calorie Dog Treats

   Treats are a common way to bond with and train our dogs—but they’re often overused. Some dog chews and treats can contain upwards of 400 kcal each, which is nearly half a small dog’s daily requirement.

Health Risks of Canine Obesity

Excess weight in dogs can cause or exacerbate:

• Osteoarthritis and joint pain

• Diabetes mellitus

• Heart disease

• Breathing difficulties

• Certain types of cancer

• Reduced lifespan (by up to two years)

Dr Ernie Ward, a US-based veterinarian and founder of the Association for Pet Obesity Prevention, notes:

“Obesity is the number one health threat pets face, and it’s entirely preventable.”

What Can Owners Do?

1. Choose Fresh or Raw Diets Wisely

Opt for high-quality, minimally processed meals like Poppy’s Picnic raw dog food. Their meals are FEDIAF balanced, naturally complete, and free from cheap fillers and artificial preservatives. This means your dog gets proper nutrition in appropriate portions—without the junk.

2. Watch Portions and Treats

Use scales to weigh food rather than guessing, and treat in moderation. Many brands, including Poppy’s Picnic, offer portion guides based on breed and activity level.

3. Regular Exercise and Weigh-ins

Combine healthy eating with daily walks and play. Regular vet check-ups, including weigh-ins, help keep your dog on track.

Final Thoughts

Feeding habits matter. While loving our dogs through food feels instinctive, it’s critical to ensure that what we’re offering fuels them for health—not disease. As Dr German reminds us:

“Obesity is a disease, not just a cosmetic issue. Recognising it early and acting swiftly is the best gift we can give our dogs.”

If you’re concerned about your dog’s weight or unsure what to feed, consult your vet or explore Poppy’s Picnic’s range of fresh raw dog food tailored for dogs of all ages and sizes.